'Candidatus Branchiomonas cysticola' is a common agent of epitheliocysts in seawater-farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in Norway and Ireland

MITCHELL S. O., Steinum T. M., TOENSHOFF E. R., KVELLESTAD A., FALK K., HORN M., ...Daha Fazla

DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS, cilt.103, sa.1, ss.35-43, 2013 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 103 Sayı: 1
  • Basım Tarihi: 2013
  • Doi Numarası: 10.3354/dao02563
  • Dergi Adı: DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.35-43
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: 'Candidatus Branchiomonas cysticola', 'Candidatus Piscichlamydia salmonis', Epitheliocystis, PGI, Proliferative gill disease, Gill pathology, Atlantic salmon, 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA, CLAVOCHLAMYDIA-SALMONICOLA, FRESH-WATER, CHLAMYDIALES, BACTERIA, INFECTION, DISEASE, LIGHT
  • İstanbul Üniversitesi Adresli: Hayır

Özet

The prevalence and geographical distribution of the recently described endosymbiont 'Candidatus Branchiomonas cysticola' in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar gill epithelial cell cysts was investigated in seawater-farmed fish suffering proliferative gill inflammation (PGI). To this end, we developed a specific and sensitive real-time PCR assay for detection of the bacterium. 'Ca. B. cysticola' was found to be highly prevalent in Atlantic salmon gills sampled over 7 yr and from 17 geographically distant seawater locations in Norway and Ireland. 'Ca. B. cysticola' was found in significantly greater quantities in fish with large numbers of epitheliocysts, and fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed its localisation within cysts. 'Ca. Piscichlamydia salmonis', a bacterium previously linked to epitheliocysts, was identified at relatively low levels of infection, apparently independent of epitheliocyst prevalence. These results suggest that 'Ca. B. cysticola' is the main cyst-forming bacterium in seawater-farmed Atlantic salmon in the studied countries. Our results also suggest a relationship between load of 'Ca. B. cysticola' and extent of pathological changes. Taken together with a previously described association between epitheliocyst load and severity of PGI in Norwegian salmon, the results could indicate a role for 'Ca. B. cysticola' in gill diseases such as PGI.