Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
KÜRESEL EKONOMİK DÜZENDE DÜNYA VE TÜRKİYE’DEN ARAŞTIRMALAR –II –, İHSAN KURAN, Editör, İksad , Ankara, ss.69-89, 2022
"Globalization" is one of the most frequently encountered concepts in
today's world where we live in a new form of capitalism. One of the
phenomena most affected by the globalization process is 'cities'. Today,
a new form of cities is mentioned which are expressed in the literature
with different concepts such as ‘mega city’, ‘world city’ ’global city’.
The most important feature of these cities is that they have a global
function and that nation states are now articulated to the world market
through these global cities. Global cities are cities that are branded,
commercialized and can be bought and sold with all their intangible and
physical assets. Not only physical assets and spiritual /abstract cultural
values, but also the services produced inside cities can be marketed and
this constitute an important source of surplus value for today's capital
accumulation. Meanwhile, previously only with spatial properties,
while the places where capital accumulation takes place, global cities
themselves today are a means of production they've turned into.
Today, 'cities', especially 'global cities' have been the function that
tourism has performed so far, that is, in partnership with the function of
marketing the country to tourists/customers with its material and
spiritual values. In other words, the activities within the scope of
tourism and the activities of the cities are now intertwined. Today, it is
necessary to talk about a city structuring whose commercial and
touristic features come to the fore, appealing not only to tourists in the
country but also abroad, in other words, targeting global customers. As we stated in the summary section of our main thesis that we produced
this article:
“In today's globalization process, there is an important connection
between tourism and the development of cities. With the industry losing
its former importance, it is seen that the service sector is growing day
by day. It is observed that the role of tourism in the service sector has
increased significantly. Parallel to this, it is noteworthy that a new city
structuring 'oriented to trade and tourism' has emerged. 'Global cities'
are both an important means of production for today's production
relations and capital accumulation, and constitute one of the basic
dynamics of the economy as the place where tourism takes place and at
the same time the physical environment marketed to tourists. As human
mobility increases, as the geographies, regions, cities visited by
tourists, and therefore touristic areas expand, the sphere of influence of
the tourism sector expands, and it is observed that cultural interaction
and economic activities between societies are intensified. The
globalization process has significantly changed the function of both
tourism and cities and has led to major structural changes in both
areas.” (Baghirova, 2022: Summary).
When it comes to the method and plan we will follow in this article,
which we produced from Baghirova's master's thesis named "The
changing function of cities and tourism in the globalization process":
In the first part of the study, conceptual expansions are made, the
relationship between globalization and capitalism is established, and in
this context, a basis is created to examine the development of tourism and urban phenomena in the process. In the second part, the impact of
globalization on cities, the structural transformation of cities, their
changing vision, the emergence of competitive cities, the increase in
city-oriented economic competition and the urban hierarchy in the
world are discussed. In the last part, the main subject of the thesis, the
changing function of tourism and cities in the globalization process, its
reflections on the world economy are evaluated in detail (Baghirova,
2022: summary)