Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
8. BİLSEL INTERNATIONAL TRUVA SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHES and INNOVATION CONGRESS, Çanakkale, Türkiye, 27 - 29 Aralık 2025, ss.652-667, (Tam Metin Bildiri)
Surfactants are surface-active agents that reduce the surface or interfacial tension between two phases. They can be produced through synthetic or microbiological pathways. Surface-active agents produced by microorganisms and exhibiting antimicrobial properties against pathogenic microorganisms are called biosurfactants. While chemical surfactants are classified by polar groupings, biosurfactants are classified by molecular weight, physicochemical properties, chemical composition, and microbial origin. Various bacteria and fungi produce biological surfactants. Examples of these microorganisms include Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Acinetobacter, Brevibacterium, Rhodococcus, Enterobacter, Clostridium, Leuconostoc, Citrobacter, Arthrobacter, Candida, Penicillium, and Aspergillus. Biosurfactants have many advantages over chemically produced surfactants. Due to changing climate conditions and the rapidly increasing global population, the need for new, efficient, and economically viable natural products that benefit living organisms is growing daily. Microbiologically produced surface-active agents stand out as a significant alternative in sustainable biotechnological and industrial processes, owing to their synthesis from renewable and low cost substrates. Many biosurfactants have broad applications in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, textile, petroleum, food, pesticide, biodegradation, and agricultural fields. Today, biosurfactants are widely used to improve soil quality by increasing the availability of trace elements, and they are also applied directly to plant surfaces, either alone or in combination with pesticides, for the control of plant diseases. This review will discuss the properties of biosurfactants, their classification, the parameters affecting their production, and their areas of application.