Objective: Bone wax, which is used to stop intraosseous hemorrhages, provides hemostasis by creating a mechanical buffer. Since it is not absorbed, it may impair bone healing by causing granuloma or inflammatory reaction. In this case, a chronic inflammatory reaction as a result of the use of bone wax during the surgical operation in the maxilla was presented.

Case report: A 45-year-old male patient was admitted to our clinic with complaints of severe pain, discharge from fistulization in the right premolar region, and odor, after he was operated on in an external center for a cyst in his upper jaw for 2 years. Intraoral examination revealed fistula and pus flow in the maxilla right premolar region. Panoramic radiography and Cone Beam Computed Tomography were taken from the patient. The surgical site was exposed by lifting the mucoperiosteal flap with a sulcular incision under infiltrative anesthesia. The remaining epithelial remnants and irregularly shaped pieces that we think are bone wax in the cavity were removed, the incision lines were sutured, and the flap was closed to the primary. It was learned that the severe pain of the patient, who came to the follow-up visit ten days later, was gone. Our patient is under control and the inflammatory process is resolved.