Molecular Markers of Neurodegenerative Disorders
Zebrafish Models of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Ebru Emekli-Alturfan, Editör, CRC, New York , Oxford, ss.43-55, 2025
- Yayın Türü: Kitapta Bölüm / Araştırma Kitabı
- Basım Tarihi: 2025
- Yayınevi: CRC, New York
- Basıldığı Şehir: Oxford
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.43-55
- Editörler: Ebru Emekli-Alturfan, Editör
- İstanbul Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
The increasing need for tools to develop accurate and specific biomarkers is a challenge faced in the clinic for neurodegenerative diseases. Biomarkers are very important in following the physiological process in the pathogenesis of a disease; they can be useful not only for diagnosis but also for therapeutic management of the treatment of the disease. The pathogenesis process of neurodegeneration such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is only partially understood. The best validated fluid biomarker in neurodegenerative diseases is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), but serum biomarkers are being developed in terms of accuracy and predictive value. Among nonspecific CSF biomarkers, markers of axonal damage and axonal degeneration, including total tau protein (t-tau) and neurofilament light chains (NfL) are the most studied. Among nonspecific CSF biomarkers, markers of axonal damage and axonal degeneration, including total tau protein (t-tau) and neurofilament light chains (NfL) are the most studied. The use of miRNAs as biomolecular diagnostic biomarkers in neurodegenerative diseases can provide results with high specificity. Due to variations in the clinical phenotype of HD, a variety of biomarkers are used, some of which may be effective in monitoring the course of HD. Exosomes are vesicles of nanomolar size secreted extracellularly from CNS neurons and glial cells, derived from endosomes in eukaryotic cells. These vesicles originating from the CNS can be used to study pathological events occurring in the brain. Therefore, they can be considered as potentially effective biomarkers for monitoring disease progression. This chapter focuses on the recent developments in biomarkers used in neurodegenerative diseases research and clinical settings.