Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
academia.edu, cilt.1, sa.1, ss.1-46, 2025 (Hakemsiz Dergi)
Herein is a summary of the results we obtained at all scales from our Universal Matter Architecture (abbreviated as UMA), whose development and the underpinning of the related ubiquitous transformations is to the credit of the first co-author. It is that each particle can be considered as a clock bearing, one way or another, an “internal dynamics”; whereby its motion comes to be associated with the said periodical phenomenon, and whereby the object may possess more than one internal motion – such as a diatomic molecule which at least displays i) a vibrational motion and ii) a rotational motion, while, at the same time, also delineating iii) electronic states. For simplicity, we only focus on one motion at a time, where a clock mass can be ascribed to the motion of concern. In the case of a vibrating diatomic molecule, this mass happens to be (µ0me)^(1/2), with µ0 being the reduced mass of the atoms making up the molecule and me being the electron mass. The said motion gets structured in a space of a given size and, in the considered case, this size is the average distance between the atoms making up the diatomic molecule. The internal clock motion further depicts a unit period of time which, under these circumstances, is the vibrational periodicity of the molecule. The whole motion takes place on a given energy basis and, for the case at hand, this is the electronic energy delineated by the electrons that form the molecular bond. Be that as it may, the period of time, size, mass, and energy to be associated with the internal dynamics of any quantum mechanical entity should, while already at rest and far away from any fields, be interrelated in a unique way insofar as satisfying the requirements of the Special Theory of Relativity (STR) if the entity were brought to a uniform translational motion, or those of Quantal Theory of Gravity (QTG) (Annals of Physics, Volume 454, in July 2023, 169346) if the given entity were embedded in gravity, or in any field it can interact with. In this contribution, wide-ranging outcomes of the UMA framework at different levels – i.e., nuclei, atoms, molecules, gases – are recapitulated, with particular emphasis on our discretization of the second law of thermodynamics.