The Role of Epigenetic Regulation and Pluripotency-Related MicroRNAs in Differentiation of Pancreatic Stem Cells to Beta Cells

Coskun E., Ercin M., Gezginci-Oktayoglu S.

JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY, vol.119, no.1, pp.455-467, 2018 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 119 Issue: 1
  • Publication Date: 2018
  • Doi Number: 10.1002/jcb.26203
  • Journal Name: JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus
  • Page Numbers: pp.455-467
  • Keywords: BETA CELL, DIFFERENTIATION, HISTONE DEACETYLASES, microRNAs, PANCREATIC ISLET DERIVED MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS, PLURIPOTENCY, GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION, NEURONAL DIFFERENTIATION, GENES, TRANSCRIPTION, EXPRESSION, INDUCTION, INHIBITORS, APOPTOSIS, INCREASE, REVEALS
  • Istanbul University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

In this study, we aimed to research the effects of class-I HDACs and glucose on differentiation of pancreatic islet derived mesenchymal stem cells (PI-MSCs) to beta cells. Beta cell differentiation determined by flow cytometric analysis and gene expression levels of PDX1, PAX4, PAX6, NKX6.1, NGN3, INS2, and GLUT2. As a result the valproic acid, is an inhibitor of class-I HDACs, caused the highest beta cell differentiation in PI-MSCs. However, the cells in this group were at early stages of differentiation. Glucose co-administration to this group carried the differentiation to higher levels, but these newly formed beta cells were not functional. Moreover, reduction in the levels of pluripotency factors that Oct3/4, c-Myc, and Nanog were parallel to beta cell differentiation. Also, the levels of HDAC1 and acetylated H3/H4 were increased and methylated H3 was decreased by VPA treatment. In addition, we have detected over expression in genes of miR-18a-5p, miR-19b-5p, miR-30d-3p, miR-124, miR-146a-5p, miR-184, miR-335, and miR-433-5p in parallel to beta cell differentiation. As the conclusion, this study is important for understanding the epigenetic mechanism that controls the beta cell differentation and it suggests new molecules that can be used for diagnosis, and treatment of diabetes. J. Cell. Biochem. 119: 455-467, 2018. (c) 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.