Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
KARABAĞ III. ULUSLARARASI UYGULAMALI BİLİMLER KONGRESİ, Baku, Azerbaycan, 7 - 10 Haziran 2022, cilt.3, ss.155-167
Actinomycetes are Gram-positive, aerobic, spore-forming and filamentous bacteria with a high
G+C content in their genomes, belonging to the order Actinomycetales. These filamentous
bacteria are the major group of the bacteria population in the soil. Actinomycetes can be isolated
from soils, seas, compost, freshwater sources, insects, plant roots or leaves, various nutrients,
and the atmosphere. Like many bacterial groups, actinomycetes produce important secondary
metabolites and these metabolites play important ecological roles. Secondary metabolites are
not essential for reproduction but are synthesized when bacteria are exposed to various stress
conditions. Secondary metabolites are generally bioactive substances produced by bacteria to
survive in their environment and through resist other microorganisms in their environment.
Most of the bioactive secondary metabolites obtained today have been isolated from
actinomycetes bacteria. In 1914, first antibacterial substance from actinomycetes called
Streptomycin was discovered by Salman Abraham Waksman. With this discovery, studies on
the antibacterial effect of secondary metabolites isolated from actinomycetes bacteria have
increased. Actinomycetes bacteria's bioactive substances may also have antifungal, antiviral,
anticancer, antitumor antioxidant, antiparasitic, antimalarial, antibiofilm, anti-inflammatory,
enzyme inhibitor, herbicide or insecticide properties. Actinomycetes are important
microorganisms both medically and biotechnologically since they produce secondary
metabolites with different effects. Today, new therapeutic agents are needed because bacteria
have become resistant to clinically used antibiotics or because of the toxic effects of drugs used
against diseases such as cancer. Studies on secondary metabolites produced by actinomycetes
have promising features for the discovery of new therapeutic drugs. For this reason, we aimed
to compile recent studies on secondary metabolites of actinomycetes bacteria