Poliovirus from A to Z: A Journey from History to the Present Day, Epidemiology, Genetics, Pathogenesis, Nomenclature Terminology, Clinical Features, and Vaccination

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Yesil E., ÖNAL P., ÖZPINAR Ş., Comruk A., SEYHANLI D., Ozdemirer U., ...More

JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC INFECTION, vol.19, no.4, pp.281-286, 2025 (ESCI, Scopus, TRDizin) identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 19 Issue: 4
  • Publication Date: 2025
  • Doi Number: 10.5578/ced.20250429
  • Journal Name: JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC INFECTION
  • Journal Indexes: Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI), Scopus, Central & Eastern European Academic Source (CEEAS), CINAHL, EMBASE, TR DİZİN (ULAKBİM)
  • Page Numbers: pp.281-286
  • Istanbul University Affiliated: No

Abstract

Objective: Poliovirus is an enterovirus consisting of three serotypes that has caused serious epidemics throughout history. With the widespread use of vaccines, the global incidence has decreased significantly, and types 2 and 3 have been eradicated. The only subtype currently circulating is wild poliovirus type 1. Today, wild poliovirus is found only in Afghanistan and Pakistan, while circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) is the most common type worldwide. While most infections are asymptomatic or mild, a very small proportion can lead to paralytic polio. Diagnosis is made with stool samples in cases of acute flaccid paralysis, and treatment is supportive. Oral and inactivated polio vaccines are used to prevent the disease, and novel oral polio vaccine type 2 is used for cVDPV2 outbreak control when necessary.