Current Economic Research in Different Countries , Dr. Mustafa Latif EMEK, Editör, İksad Yayınevi, Ankara, ss.67-109, 2021
The study explores the existence
of two income traps at two income levels. The first one is the income
trap of the upper-middle-income provinces while they are becoming
high-income provinces. The other income trap, as expected,
is the one that may exist while the lower-middle-income provinces become an upper-middle-income provinces. The empirical investigation shows that all 74 upper-middle-income
and five lower-middle-income Turkish provinces are in a divergence
trap. The depreciation of the Turkish Lira against the U.S. dollar after
2013 seems the main reason for the increasing gap between the per capita income levels of the Turkish provinces
and the high-income segment.