Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) Synthesis from Starch with Zeolite Based Catalysts

Yakupoğlu Ş., AKMAZ S., KOÇ S. N.

Starch/Staerke, vol.75, no.3-4, 2023 (SCI-Expanded) identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 75 Issue: 3-4
  • Publication Date: 2023
  • Doi Number: 10.1002/star.202200164
  • Journal Name: Starch/Staerke
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, Agricultural & Environmental Science Database, Analytical Abstracts, BIOSIS, CAB Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts Core, Compendex, Food Science & Technology Abstracts, Veterinary Science Database
  • Keywords: hydroxymethylfurfural, starches, USY-zeolite, Zn-USY zeolite
  • Istanbul University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

© 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH.In the study, it is aimed to use effective zeolite-based catalysts for the synthesis of hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from starch in different solvent environments. Al, Zn, and heteropolyacid (HPW) loaded USY zeolites are prepared and characterized using XRD, BET method, Inductive Coupling Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), Pyridine-DRIFTS, and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The efficiency of the prepared catalysts is investigated in 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Chloride (BMIMCI) ionic liquid, DMSO, and THF solvents at different temperatures and reaction times for HMF synthesis. 24.5% HMF yield using Zn-USY zeolite and 50.3% HMF yield using USY H-zeolite is obtained in BMIMCI ionic liquid at 130 °C for 3 h. HMF yield of 47% is obtained using Zn-USY zeolite catalyst at 160 °C in 4 h, at 170 °C in 2 h, and at 180 °C in 1 h in DMSO. In a two-phase reaction medium with THF and H2O, the HMF yield is 46.8% at 160 °C in 4 h, 52.2% at 170 °C in 30 min, and 38.1% at 180 °C in 2 h with Zn-USY zeolite catalyst. The reusability of the Zn-USY zeolite has been tested and the efficiency of catalyst does not decrease in reuse for five times.