BIOACTIVE RESERVOIRS OF EXTREMOPHILES: ACTINOMYCETES

Selim G., Arslan Aydoğdu E. Ö.

ANADOLU 14th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLIED SCIENCES, Gaziantep, Türkiye, 16 - 18 Şubat 2024, ss.253-268

  • Yayın Türü: Bildiri / Tam Metin Bildiri
  • Basıldığı Şehir: Gaziantep
  • Basıldığı Ülke: Türkiye
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.253-268
  • İstanbul Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Some regions on the Earth have more difficult living conditions compared to others. These regions may have different physicochemical characteristics, such as high or low temperatures, high pressure, salinity, drought, or high acidity. While many organisms can not adapt to these extreme environments, some microorganisms have adapted to survive in these extreme living conditions. Actinomycetes, known for the important secondary metabolites they produce, have an essential place considering bacteria among these extremophile microorganisms. Actinomycetes can survive in extreme living conditions, especially with their spore structures, and can develop various adaptations to these environmental conditions. Although Actinomycetes are bacteria generally known in soil and water ecosystems, they are also commonly found in extreme environments such as deserts, glaciers, hot springs, salt lakes, and caves. These bacteria stand out with their secondary metabolites that have various therapeutic effects such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer, as well as their bioactive potential such as being used as plant growth promoters or herbicide-insecticides in agriculture, used in bioremediation or used in pigment production. Generally, the bioactive compounds that are obtained from environmental samples belong to Actinomycetes. The lack of sufficient studies on microorganisms in extreme environments due to difficulties in both sampling and studies significantly increases the possibility of discovering new bioactive compounds from these organisms. In this context, the potentials of extremophilic adaptations of Actinomycetes bacteria, which are particularly prominent with their bioactive compounds, become much more interesting. Therefore, our study aimed to review the various extreme environments in which Actinomycetes have adapted to live and the biotechnological importance of these microorganisms.