Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number (mtDNAcn) as a Functional Biomarker for Seascape Genetics


Çalıcı S. Z., Aydemir M. N., İşinibilir Okyar M.

12th Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Symposium, Mersin, Türkiye, 6 - 10 Temmuz 2026, (Yayınlanmadı)

  • Yayın Türü: Bildiri / Yayınlanmadı
  • Basıldığı Şehir: Mersin
  • Basıldığı Ülke: Türkiye
  • İstanbul Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

The spatial heterogeneity of marine environments, shaped by chemical and physical gradients, plays a key role in structuring population genetics. While traditional approaches focus on long-term evolutionary patterns, seascape genetics increasingly uses functional biomarkers to detect rapid physiological responses to local anthropogenic stressors. Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) is a promising biomarker because it reflects changes in energy metabolism and oxidative stress. Pollutant exposure disrupts mitochondrial function and increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Due to its limited repair capacity and lack of protective histones, mtDNA is highly sensitive to oxidative damage, which can reduce its copy number.

In this study, Aurelia aurita specimens were collected along a defined pollution gradient in Izmit Bay (Kocaeli, Türkiye) to evaluate mtDNAcn variability within a seascape genetics framework. Mitochondrial DNA copy number was quantified using Droplet Digital PCR, alongside the assessment of key environmental parameters (conductivity, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature, and water transparency via Secchi depth) and organismal traits (bell diameter and weight). Integrated analyses revealed a significant association between environmental heterogeneity and mtDNAcn variation, with consistently reduced copy numbers observed under elevated pollution conditions. These results support the sensitivity of mtDNAcn to environmental stress gradients and highlight its utility as a functional biomarker for detecting anthropogenic impacts and assessing population-level resilience in marine systems.

Keywords: mtDNAcn, Seascape Genetics, Aurelia aurita