Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Islam Tetkikleri Dergisi, cilt.12, sa.2, ss.805-825, 2022 (Scopus)
Mīr Dāmād (d. 1631/1040) is the founder of Isfahan’s philosophical school and is considered one of the most influential individuals in the philosophical domain in general, specifically in Iran and the Indian subcontinent. His theory of perpetual creation is considered one of his most important ideas, one for which he is famous and distinguished. This article will deal with the reasons that motivated Mīr Dāmād to establish his theory and then will discuss Jawnpūrī’s critiques of this theory within the framework of his book Al-Shams al-Bāzigha. Contrary to the Mutakallimin, who supported the idea of hudūth zamānī [temporal creation], the Peripatetic philosophers rejected this claim while clarifying its impossibility, instead supporting the hudūth al-dhātī [essential creation]. As for Mīr Dāmād, he did not accept the Mutakallimin’s opinion, nor was he satisfied with the theory of hudūth al-dhātī. He insisted that the world is preceded by nothingness and that only to Allah can eternity be ascribed. Therefore, he further developed the theory of hudūth al-dhātī as stated by the Peripatetic philosophers, combining their opinion of emanations with the idea of hudūth zamānī as expressed by the Mutakallimin. He also tried this by interpreting terms such as zamān [time], dahr [perpetuity], and sarmad [eternity] to create his new theory of hudūth dahrī [perpetual creation]. As for Jawnpūrī, he criticized Dāmād’s conception of the dahr and addressed it with many critiques while stating the impossibility of the conception of the before and after without including the concept of time within that understanding.