Mucosal bacteriomes of rainbow trout<i> (Oncorhynchus</i><i> mykiss)</i> intestines are modified in response to dietary phytase

Karataş S., TURGAY E., YILDIZ M., Kaiza V. E., YARDIMCI R. E., STEINUM T. M.

AQUACULTURE, cilt.574, 2023 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 574
  • Basım Tarihi: 2023
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2023.739672
  • Dergi Adı: AQUACULTURE
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, PASCAL, Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA), Artic & Antarctic Regions, BIOSIS, CAB Abstracts, Food Science & Technology Abstracts, Pollution Abstracts, Veterinary Science Database
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Bacterial 6-phytase, Functional feed, Intestinal mucosa, Monocalcium phosphate, Mycoplasma, Optiphos
  • İstanbul Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Global aquaculture has seen an unprecedented expansion in recent years partly due to "functional feeds" that is known to improve feed utilization, fish growth performance and resilience to infectious disease. Nevertheless, a knowledge gap exists about how dietary phytase might influence intestinal bacteriomes of farmed fish. We therefore performed 16S rRNA gene-based community profiling. The remarkably uniform mucosal bacteriomes of rainbow trout (median Bray-Curtis similarity index 0.76 +/- 0.09) fed the control diet were dominated by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from putative phytase producing genera Lactococcus and Leuconostoc that likely originated from plant-based feed ingredients. Mucosal bacteriomes developed into uniform communities instead dominated by Mycoplasma-bacteria (median Bray-Curtis similarity index 0.55 +/- 0.13) in response to the optimal amount of dietary phytase (0.15 g/kg feed). Both community types had a similar median species richness with 933 +/- 301 and 1005 +/- 678 bacterial taxa, respectively. A functional genomics analysis revealed that especially genes for amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism/transport were enriched in the LAB-dominated mucosal bacteriomes supporting their role as providers of otherwise inaccessible nutrients from for example dietary fibres. In contrast, only genes for energy production and conversion were marginally enriched in Mycoplasma-dominated commu-nities. It is plausible that a combination of nutrient and mucosal space/attachment site competition is behind the observed shift in mucosal communities. Our results confirm previous reports that dietary phytase improve significantly both fish growth performance and feed utilization (p < 0.05). Moreover, dietary phytase is rec-ommended for use in aquaculture as the enzyme apparently can facilitate the establishment of beneficial My-coplasma-dominated bacteriomes in the intestinal mucosa of farmed rainbow trout.