Research Information System
Genes, vol.16, no.9, 2025 (SCI-Expanded)
Background: Periodontitis (PD) is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with systemic conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). PANoptosis—a form of regulated cell death integrating pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis—has been implicated in inflammatory diseases, but its role in PD and its overlap with COPD is not well understood. Methods: Gene expression datasets for PD and COPD were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Differentially expressed genes were intersected with 78 PANoptosis-related genes. Functional enrichment (GO, KEGG), protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, and machine learning (XGBoost with ROC curves) identified key regulatory genes. Immune infiltration was evaluated, and drug–gene interactions were analyzed using DGIDB. Results: Seven PANoptosis-related core genes—ACO1, NLRC4, CASP8, HSPA4, IL1B, MEFV, and CYCS—were identified in both PD and COPD. These genes were enriched in pathways involving inflammasomes, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. Immune analysis showed significant differences in B cells, T cells, dendritic cells, and plasma cells. Potential drug targets, including IL1B and CASP8, were identified. Conclusions: This is the first study to link PANoptosis to both PD and COPD. The findings reveal shared molecular mechanisms and suggest PANoptosis-related genes as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets in chronic inflammatory oral disease.