Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
TURKIYE JEOLOJI BULTENI-GEOLOGICAL BULLETIN OF TURKEY, cilt.65, sa.3, ss.217-232, 2022 (ESCI)
The silicified wood samples that we identified in Western Anatolia are located in: the Late MiocenePliocene cokkoy Formation in Tavqanh (Kutahya) and its surroundings, in Osmancah (Manisa) and its vicinity in the Early (?)-Middle Miocene Foca Tuff and in Banaz (Usak) around the Middle-Late Miocene Yenikoy Formation in the terrestrial sediments. The formation of wood petrified by silicification is associated with clastic sediments formed simultaneously with the Neogene period volcanic activity in the region. In the mineralogical-petrographic examination of three oriented thin sections, including transverse, radial and tangential, chalcedony polymorphs of silica and lesseramounts of quartz and opal were detected in the silicified wood samples. Mineralogical interpretation was also supported by X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD) analysis. As a result of paleobotanical identification made with thin sections in the a botanical microscope; Taxodioxylon Hartig 1848 (Swamp cypress), Pinuxylon Golhan 1906 (Pine), Pterocaroxylon Ma-Stoll et Madel 1960 (Walnut), Quercoxvlon (Krausel 1939) Gros 1988 (evergreen oak), and Glyptostroboxylon Conwentz 1884 (Swamp cypress) fossil wood species were determined. According to these findings, a warmer and more humid climate prevailed than today, and there were cypress forests on the edges of swamps and streams, with pine and evergreen oak forests on the slopes. Within the scope of gemological examination of the silicified wood samples, those which are rich in color/pattern were selected, polished by giving them cabochon forms, then mounted in silver. A small amount of facet cutting was carried out from unpatterned and monochromatic samples. The silicified wood samples, which have high value in terms of hardness, exhibit an unstable character due to the weak zones they contain, and they do not show the desired performance in terms of pattern/color.