Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
DINBILIMLERI AKADEMIK ARASTIRMA DERGISI-JOURNAL OF ACADEMIC RESEARCH IN RELIGIOUS SCIENCES, sa.1, ss.367-398, 2023 (ESCI)
The most important role in transmitting and understanding the Holy Qur'an to humanity is played by the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), who is in a position of authority. It belongs to the Prophet. For this reason, "Is there a method for the Prophet to tabyin the verses of the Qur'an to his companions?" our research started with the question and was carried out in two stages. In our first article, called "Hermeneutical Approach to the Holy Qur'an in the Context of Surat al-Ma-un" It has been seen that the disputes in the direction of hadiths and narrations that have reached us from the Prophet took place in a way that can be called the Sunnah of tabyin, which allows us to talk about the existence of the tabyin method. In this research, the main question is, "Does the fact that the Prophet has a tabyin sunnah allow talking about a general tabyin method that he applies throughout the Qur'an?" it has. Because the Prophet, in particular, examined a few verses and Surahs. The perspective of the message formed by the hadiths of the Prophet and other narrations may not provide the opportunity to claim the Prophet Muhammad's explanations, provisions, and recommendations regarding the Qur'an, a situation that must be proven from the clarity of the requirements of scientific research. Our article is the second of our research, which is designed in two stages. This article, as in the previous research article, is aimed to discuss the existence of the tabyin method from a theoretical and practical point of view through an example. The Surat determined by us as an example is the Surat of al-Insan. The disagreements in the narrations related to this Surah, which were transmitted through the works of Tafsir, were the reason for the selection of the Surah. Because these disputes, which contain four of the fundamental issues and essential discussions in the tafsir's methodology or the 'Ulum al-Qur'an, can be an indicator that helps to talk about the general teaching method or prevents this decision. The four issues in the disputes formed by the narrations related to the Surat are the Meccan-Medinan nature of the Surah, its reason, "and give food-despite their desire for it- to the poor, the orphan, and the captive" (78:8). The identity of the people who are the interlocutors of the verse and who is meant by the word captive mentioned in the same verse. The issues of Meccan-Medinan, asbab alnuzul, mubhamatu'l-Qur'an and common words or body and nazair in the tafsir procedure cover these topics. Therefore, the findings obtained can objectively help determine whether to talk about a general method or not. In this article, in which Surat al-Insan is examined, the analysis of the essential tafsir sources and the analysis of the narrations related to the related Surat is adopted as a method. The article, which starts with the deductive method, is divided into categories by the findings, and each heading is discussed in its way. Accordingly, from the narrations about Surat, the place of revelation of Surat, the reason for the revelation of the 8th verse, after analyzing the poem, understanding the disputes, the role of hadiths in disputes, Makki-Madani and asbab al-nuzul narrations were examined, and the research was concluded with the title "Development of Tafsir and the Disputes that Come with Narrations." In the conclusion section, the findings reached in each area are evaluated within the framework of research questions. Accordingly, the central question of our two-stage research and the question of this article, which constitutes the second part, is concluded by the induction method from particular to general in line with all intermediate evaluations. The place of this article in the academic literature of tafsir science can be stated as follows: When the tafsir narrations and disputes that make up the subject of the paper and theoretical studies on Surat al-Insan were examined, the findings that covered the problems of this research and reached the results could not be found. For example, in the article "The Significance of Content and Style in Determining Meccan-Medinan Surahs: The Case of Surah al-Insan" prepared by Soner Aksoy, Surat al-Insan was examined in terms of style and content. In this study, Surat al-Insan has not been discussed in terms of the type of the Qur'an and its similarities with the contents of other Surahs. Again Dr. Samed Abdullahi Abid's article "Examining the Narrations that Convey that Surat al-Insan is About the Virtue of the Ahli Bayt" is only one of the topics examined in this research, and it differs from this study in terms of the research problem, subject, method, and results.