A Rapid Response Algorithm: Parametric Design For Temporary Housing Areas


Tak M. D.

36th AESOP Congress, Paris, Paris, Fransa, 8 - 13 Temmuz 2024, ss.789

  • Yayın Türü: Bildiri / Özet Bildiri
  • Basıldığı Şehir: Paris
  • Basıldığı Ülke: Fransa
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.789
  • İstanbul Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet


Cities are rapidly changing, unpredictable, and nonlinear systems influenced by and affecting others (Bertalanffy, 1968). Although it was initially stated that cities have a hierarchical and linear structure, it has been observed that linear solutions cannot meet the fast-changing actual conditions and that cities exhibit characteristics of a complex system. For instance, COVID-19 revealed that cities, expected to develop linearly, face new challenges and needs during crises. Moreover, it is not only the catastrophes that are responsible for this; major projects capable of changing the direction of the city create non-linear, sudden changes in the systems and establish new heterarchic relationships. Based on this, recognizing cities as complex systems has prompted efforts to find solutions for their unique needs. It has been acknowledged that adaptive and fast solutions are required to capture the non-linearity of complexity, and it has been revealed that top-down decisions are not the solution to these problems. In today’s context, various approaches and tools have been developed to support decision-making at different stages of the planning process as a solution to this. In recent years, computational design has become popular, providing designers with multiple alternatives with rules and allowing them to manage the process, not just create the f inal product. The motivation of the study is to propose a tool for accelerating post-earthquake interventions as effectively as possible using parametric design, particularly in the context of Turkish cities, where earthquakes have been devastating in recent years. In the aftermath of the 2023 Hatay earthquake, earthquake awareness has increased across the country, and the search for solutions for earthquake-threatened Istanbul has intensified. Here, it is essential to provide temporary housing in good condition to  affected individuals until they return to the normal disaster cycle.  Studies focus mainly on the site selection of these temporary shelters and their design after site selection remains in the background. Yet, ensuring a prompt return to normalcy for the victims, providing sufficient accommodation for as many people as possible, is crucial. Therefore, the study aims to create a rapid and adaptive planning support tool for the sudden stress that the city will be exposed to within the scope of the design of temporary housing areas. In the case of a defined temporary housing area in Istanbul, a parametric design algorithm will be developed with defined standards. The algorithm enables the creation of a design process with alternatives much more rapidly than human power alone, aiming to accommodate the maximum number of people while shortening the design phase and enabling rapid implementation.  The standards for the parameters of design will be examined using the guidelines provided by the SPHERE Project, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, the Disaster and Emergency Management Authority (AFAD) of Turkey, and the Chamber of City Planners of Turkey. These sources define standards for site selection, such as elevation and slope concerning the watershed, as well as standards for design, including road width, container and tent dimensions, minimum area requirements for amenities, and walking distances. After determining parameters, the design algorithm will be created utilizing the visualized coding program Rhino/Grasshopper. With this algorithm, land use alternatives will be created by determining the boundaries of any place to be selected during a crisis, which will help to see different possibilities. In addition, due to the nature of parametric design, participation can be implemented in the process easily by discussing parameters, or deciding which alternative will be applied.