Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Process Safety and Environmental Protection, cilt.203, 2025 (SCI-Expanded)
As the final stage of industrial activities, transportation plays a critical role, with approximately 85 % of global trade carried out via ships. Consequently, marine oil pollution has emerged as a major environmental issue associated with shipping. Effective oil spill management hinges on accurately determining the spill's location, timing, and release characteristics in relation to prevailing hydrodynamic conditions. This study embedded algorithms for key oil spill weathering processes—evaporation, emulsification, and dissolution—together with changes of oil density and viscosity in HYDROTAM-3D. While weathering and transport are designed as non-coupled modules, both are in HYDROTAM-3D, enabling their unified simulation. Ten spill scenarios were defined, combining two oil types -Russian Ural Crude Oil and fuel oil-, across three distinct high-traffic areas of İzmit Bay in different hydrodynamic condition. Scenario-based modelling indicated that in small, medium and high-volume discharge events, shoreline contamination occurred (Scenario 3 A and 4B) within the six hours, highlighting the need for rapid response mechanisms. Additionally, at six hours, crude oil exhibits higher early-stage evaporation fraction (17 %) compared to fuel oil (4 %) while fuel oil displays higher density (0.991 g/cm³) and extremely high viscosity (1711 cSt) compared to crude oil (0.905 g/cm³ and 111 cSt). This study not only enhances the scientific approach of the oil spill modelling but also provides actionable approach for oil spill contingency plannings to emergency planners and decision-makers.