Research Information System
27th IAPD Congress, Cancun, Mexico, 3 - 07 July 2019, pp.1
GENETIC AND SALIVARY MICROBIOTA ANALYSES IN TWINS WITH OR WITHOUT CARIES
Yelda Kasimoglu,1 Mine Koruyucu,1 Sinem Birant,1 Ilker Karacan,2 Nursen Topcuoglu,3 Elif Bahar Tuna-Ince,1 Koray Gencay,1 Figen Seymen1
1Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
2Department of Molecular Biology-Genetics and Biotechnology, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
3Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
Abstract
Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the genetic and microbial contribution to caries in twins.
Method: A total of 202 twins (59 monozygotic [MZ]; 143 dizygotic [DZ] twins) with an average age of 9,64±3,28 years comprised the study group. The MZ and DZ twin groups included both concordant and discordant twins in terms of caries. DNA samples were collected and isolated using saliva DNA collection, preservation and isolation kit (Norgen Biotek, Canada). Zygosity verification was performed using 16 STR markers for selected 103 twin pairs whose gender were different. Possible genetic associations between selected 17 markers in six genes (ENAM, ESRRB, GEMIN2, MMP20, TFIP11, and TUFT1) and caries status were tested using qPCR followed by high resolution melting genotyping method. Salivary bacterial microbiota analysis of 100 twin pairs was performed using high throughput amplicon sequencing method targeting V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene.
Results: There were no statistically significant differences between MZ and DZ twins in the prevalence of dmft and DMFT. Two SNPs, namely rs3796704 (ENAM) and rs3828054 (TUFT1), were found to be associated (p<0.05) with caries status in children. Weighted UniFrac distances of microbiota profiles were significantly more similar in MZ than DZ twins. We detected significant microbial associations between detected taxa and clinical findings such as dmfs/DMFS, gingival index, bleeding on probing, plaque index, primary/permanent dentition, birth type, and breast feeding time. For example, high salivary levels of Mutans Streptococci in children with caries, S. parasanguinis and Veillonella species in children who breast-fed more than 24 months. rs3796704 in ENAM gene also found to be associated with the level of the Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Saccharibacteria-TM7, and Lachnospiraceae in the salivary microbiota.
Conclusions: Childhood caries is a complex disease which is affected by both genetic and environmental factors. We have been detected significant association between caries and two SNPs located in ENAM and TUFT1 genes. Also, there is a number of bacterial taxa found to be associated with clinical parameters. In conclusion, even we detected some genetic signatures in caries status in children, it seems oral microbial composition significantly contributes to caries status in children.