Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
APPLIED ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, cilt.23, sa.6, ss.11857-11873, 2025 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
Pancreatic cancers are asymptomatic until the disease reaches an advanced stage and are almost always fatal. Chemotherapy is the main treatment option, especially for metastatic pancreatic cancer, while adjuvant chemotherapy remains essential for resected pancreatic cancer. Fluorinated phenylhydrazine Schiff base derivatives (C1-6) were synthesized and tested for their anticancer activities in normal prostate (PNT1a) and pancreatic cancer cell lines (Capan-1, MIA PaCa-2, Panc-1 and TGP52). Cytotoxicity was determined by IC50 analysis using adenosine triphosphate (ATP) assay. Apoptosis induction was determined by annexin-V, cleaved caspase-3 expression and mitochondrial membrane potential (Delta Psi m) analysis. Multidrug resistance (MDR) profile was analyzed using anti-P-glycoprotein (anti-P-gp) in flow cytometry. In terms of cytotoxic effects, the best results were observed on MIA PaCa-2 and TGP52 (C6 and C1, respectively), while the strongest antiproliferative effect was observed on TGP52 with C1. The lowest P-gp expression was observed in MIA PaCa-2 and TGP52 (C1 and C5, respectively). Activation of the apoptotic pathway was revealed by the expression of annexin-V, cleaved caspase-3, and decreases in Delta Psi m in cells. The cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects of the compounds on pancreatic cancer types were prominent, especially in di-tert-butylsalicylaldehydes. These effects occurred via the induction of apoptosis which is the most preferred cell death pathway in cancer cells.