Doğal Yağlar İçeren Borı̇k Ası̇t Yüklü Nanoemüljellerı̇n Antı̇bı̇yofı̇lm ve Antı̇mı̇krobı̇yal Etkı̇nlı̇k İçı̇n Gelı̇ştı̇rı̇lmesı̇ ve Karakterı̇zasyonu

Altuntaş E., Hacıoğlu M., Alnıaçık T. N., Albayrak F. N., Coşkun E., Karatepe Z.

Sabiad , cilt.9, sa.1, ss.54-64, 2026 (TRDizin)

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 9 Sayı: 1
  • Basım Tarihi: 2026
  • Doi Numarası: 10.26650/jarhs2026-1820652
  • Dergi Adı: Sabiad
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: CAB Abstracts, TR DİZİN (ULAKBİM), CABI: Global Health
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.54-64
  • İstanbul Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Objective: The aim is to create, develop, and assess boric acid–loaded nanoemulgels

(NEGs) that utilize natural fixed oils for topical use, exhibiting antimicrobial and

antibiofilm properties, with the help of two surfactant systems—Quillaja saponin and

Kolliphor® P188.

Materials and Methods: Nanoemulsions (NEs) were produced through ultrasonication,

employing a blend of plant oils (borage, linseed, and pumpkin seed oils) as the

oil phase, with either Quillaja saponin or Kolliphor® P188 serving as the surfactant.

The optimized NEs were subsequently incorporated into xanthan gum to create

NEGs. The formulations were assessed for droplet size, polydispersity index (PDI),

zeta potential, pH, conductivity, rheology, and stability under centrifugation, heat

stress, and extended storage conditions. The improved NEGs were then evaluated for

their antibacterial, antibiofilm, and anti-quorum-sensing (anti-QS) properties against

standard bacterial strains.

Results: Formulations employing Kolliphor® P188 (F20–F21) achieved droplet sizes

below 100 nm, a PDI of less than 0.3 and zeta potential values of around −25

mV. These characteristics were maintained under stress and after three months of

storage. Integration into the xanthan gel matrix further reduced the droplet size

(to about 65–70 nm) and imparted pseudoplastic flow characteristics, which are

beneficial for topical application and retention. Although the optimised F20 NEG

did not exhibit inhibition zones in disk diffusion assays, it significantly reduced

early bacterial adhesion and mature biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus

and Enterococcus faecalis. This indicates strong antibiofilm activity without affecting

quorum sensing.

Conclusion: Boric acid and plant oil-based NEGs stabilised with Kolliphor® P188

represent a stable, biocompatible, and multifunctional topical nanoplatform combining

robust antibiofilm efficacy with favorable physicochemical stability, showing potential

for infection control and biofilm-related skin applications