Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
14TH INTERNATIONAL ISTANBUL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH CONGRESS ON HEALTH SCIENCES, İstanbul, Türkiye, 26 - 28 Ağustos 2023, ss.50-55
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune and inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that is an important cause of disability in young adults. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) is another inflammatory CNS disease in which antibodies against the aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antigen are detected in most of them. Antibody-negative NMOSD cases are a group with difficulties in the differential diagnosis of opticospinal MS (OSMS) with optic and spinal predominance. Since the drugs used in the treatment of MS cause worsening in the NMOSD clinic, there is a need for biomarkers to assist in the differential diagnosis. The aim of this study is to determine a profile helpful in differential diagnosis in peripheral blood immune cells of two disease groups. Methods: Our study included 23 patients with conventional repalsing remitting MS (RRMS), 17 OSMS, 15 recurrent optic neuritis (RON), 9 NMOSD cases and 21 healthy controls. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from peripheral blood samples taken from the subjects by the ficoll gradient method. Peripheral blood sub-cell types were determined using flow cytometry. Results: No significant difference was found between the total B and T cell populations of the groups included in the study. Peripheral blood NK cells, regulatory B cells (CD19+CD38highCD24high) and plasmablast (CD19+CD38highCD138-) rates were found to be significantly increased in OSMS cases compared to other groups. It was determined that the proportions of Treg cells did not differ between the groups, but CD49d+ Treg cells with lower suppressive capacity showed a significant increase in the NMOSD group compared to the other groups. Conclusion: The obtained findings reveal that the peripheral blood phenotype of OSMS cases differs from the conventional MS cases. NK and plasmablast cells showed a significant increase in the OSMS group. Gene silencing studies in experimental animal models are ongoing to understand whether these variations are significant in terms of spinal cord and optic nerve involvement.