Sustainable water treatment membranes made with mussel-sourced polydopamine reinforced polymers: Thermo-mechanical characterisation


TÜRKOĞLU DEMİRKOL G., Rukiah K., Pir İ., Saglam S., Tufekci M., DURAK S. G., ...Daha Fazla

COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS, cilt.733, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus) identifier identifier

Özet

Dopamine, sourced from mussels, was utilised as a sustainable modifier to enhance the thermo-mechanical and filtration performance of polysulfone (PSf)-based ultrafiltration membranes for water treatment. Membranes, fabricated by phase inversion with dopamine/Tris doping (with or without polyvinylpyrrolidone, (PVP)) and polydopamine (PDA) surface coating, were characterised using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA). Contact angle, water retention capacity (WRC), and porosity were also measured. Micromechanical modelling (Voigt, Reuss, Hill, Self-Consistent) was used to determine the stiffness of the polymers using membrane data. WRC reached 67.6 % for PSf/PVP, decreased to 39.2 % for PSf/Dopamine, and was 63-66.6 % for PDA-coated membranes. Porosity was 15.9-20.2 % for neat PSf and PSf/PVP, reduced to 7.3-8.1 % with dopamine/Tris doping, and increased by PDA coating (17.7-20.9 %). Contact angles of 54-67 degrees indicated increased hydrophilicity with PDA. DSC revealed glass transition temperatures between 201-223 degrees C, with PVP reducing T-g in a PS-Dopamine system from similar to 215 degrees C to similar to 203 degrees C. DMA up to 100 degrees C showed stable storage modulus and rising loss modulus, with higher stiffness in solution-treated membranes than in coated ones. Modelling predicted elastic moduli of polymers in the 180-260 MPa range. Flux performance was highest for PSf/PVP/Tris/Dopamine (487.6 Lm(-)(2)h(-)(1) pure water, 452.5 Lm(-)(2)h(-)(1) lake water, 462.4 Lm(-)(2)h(-)(1) fouled), while Mn(II) removal reached 62 % for PDA-coated PSf/Dopamine. This study presents the first systematic comparison of dopamine/Tris doping and PDA coating, integrating characterisation with modelling and establishes a framework for sustainable membrane design.