ENERGY SYSTEMS-OPTIMIZATION MODELING SIMULATION AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS, cilt.12, sa.4, ss.877-893, 2021 (ESCI)
The micro grids (MG) are small-scaled and restricted energy systems using distributed
energy sources and storages. They can be operated in two different ways;
grid-connected or islanded modes. The shifting between the modes depends on the
volatility of demand. The use islanded mode is beneficiary as it helps minimizing
the amount of power bought from main grid. It is not always possible unless a fertile
field is found. This study proposes a hybrid heuristic approach for optimal management
of MG considering regional conditions and constraints. For a power generating
MG, the use of renewable resources in that region is as important as exchanging
power with the main grid. MG is constructed in an industrial zone where the
hourly power demand has to be matched. The aim is to schedule the power loads
to minimize the amount of power taken from the main grid. To deal with this complex
problem which contains power generation and consumption constraints, a versatile
mathematical model must be established. The mathematical model needs to
be integrated with a hybrid heuristic algorithm. Thus, a hybrid Genetic Algorithm
(GA)–Simulated Annealing (SA) method is proposed for solution. The schedule is
programmed using GA, while, parameters are optimized by using SA. In the application
stage, a MG in Gebze is simulated with three factories as consumers, where,
grid connection and a wind turbine together with photovoltaic panels are assumed to
be in use.