Cyclooxygenase-2 gene polymorphisms have been studied and known its role one on cancerogenesis even though there has not yet been any studies myelodysplastic syndrome. We aimed to provide the first data on COX-2 gene polymorphisms in myelodysplastic syndrome. A total of 39 patients with MDS and 50 healthy controls were recruited from undertaken hematology departmentand compared in terms of COX-2-765 G -> C and COX-2-1195 A. G genes. Statistically significant difference was observed between patients with MDS and controls in terms of COX-2-765 G -> C genotype and distribution of alleles and COX-2-765 GG genotype was more frequently found in the MDS group (P<0.001). Moreover, COX-2-765 C+(CC+CG) genotype was found to provide 5.6 times more protection against MDS. In conclusion, our results indicate that polymorphisms of the C allele of the COX-2 gene may provide protection against MDS; however, its predictive value and potential as a marker in oncology remain to be investigated in further trials.
